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Historical accident. The US kept the 1706 British wine gallon (231 cubic inches) after independence. Britain changed to the larger imperial gallon (277.42 cubic inches) in 1824 to simplify their system - making it exactly 10 pounds of water. By then, the US was independent and didn't adopt the change.

Divide the per-gallon price by 3.8 for a quick per-liter estimate. For example, $3.80/gallon ÷ 3.8 = $1.00/liter. For exact conversion, divide by 3.78541. To go from liters to gallons, multiply by 3.8.

Usually US gallons, but always verify. Shipping documents should specify 'US gal' or 'Imperial gal'. When in doubt, use liters - they're unambiguous. Many international forms now require both units to prevent confusion.

These are inverse relationships. For US MPG to L/100km: divide 235.215 by MPG. For example, 30 MPG = 235.215 ÷ 30 = 7.84 L/100km. For UK MPG, use 282.481 instead. Note that higher MPG means lower L/100km.

American recipes use US gallons. British recipes traditionally used imperial gallons but now mostly use liters. Australian and Canadian recipes from before metrication might use imperial gallons. When unsure, check other measurements in the recipe for context.